Cardiac Catheterization

Very rarely, cardiac catheterization with flouroscopy is required to make a diagnosis or to treat certain conditions. This requires anesthesia and the insertion of catheters into the heart. The same procedure is performed commonly in human cardiology, and Dr. Loyer has extensive training and experience in cardiac catheterization.

Balloon angioplasty is a catheterization procedure to open up tight heart valves. This is also performed under anesthesia, but requires only a small incision into the neck, and eliminates the need for an open-chest or open-heart surgery.